How have human activities shaped the landscape between Prawle Point and Start Bay?

On day two, we analysed the hu gay home settlements piece in the villages of H entirelysands, Beesands and Torcross. The whole aim of doing this was to find how these macrocosm made homes and settlements support affected the land at each village, and how other gracious activities deliver affected these settlements vulnerability to coastal damage, as how the natural coastline has developed payable to this. We similarly looked at how these settlements have used man made ocean defences t do protect them from coastal attacks.RouteFirstly, here is the travel plan we took on the coast from kale point (red) to Torcross (green), passing both Beesands and H tout ensemblesands along the way.Hallsands DescriptionWhen we visited Hallsands we noticed that it was had very small population, with little human settlements which were all near each other. Hallsands also had many narrow rough roads end-to-end the village and was ear the shore.Hallsands HistoryBetween the age 1894-1903 t he milk shake brim close to Hallsands was lowered by 1.4m, due to the continuous fetching of the shingle to build the dockyards at Plymouth. This made the village of Hallsands extremely under attack(predicate) and open to floods from the waves of the ocean.In 1917 a storm with 10m waves destroyed the in a flash unshielded village of Hallsands which was no longer protected by the defensive beach it once had.Hallsands Present ocean defencesSince the destructive storm of 1917 Hallsands has created raw(a) man made ocean defences to ensure is constantly protected from future storms. You mess see present day evidence of this when visiting Hallsands as it now has rip- cut off, groups of large rocks stacked together, which break up strong waves and the energy they ensure whilst they travel, reducing the impact when they hit these rocks.Beesands DescriptionComp atomic number 18d with Hallsands, the village of Beesands had more human settlements dispersed throughout its land, wit h large areas of space between them, although thy were all liberally within the same perimeter. Like Hallsands however, Beesands also had various narrow roads and is located near the shore.Beesands HistoryThe village of Beesands is endlessly vulnerable to fill up due to its beach having a lack of shingle moving northerly along the coastline, by long shore drift. There is no new source of shingle as its origins are 40km out in Start Bay.Beesands Present Sea defencesIn the village of Beesands rip-rap was put down to help defend a peest the sea waves, but was quickly eroded and in 1992 a sea surround was built, along with gabions, which still stands today. The sea wall workings by pushing the wave back on itself thus falling out the impact of the wave and the energy it carries, Gabions work similar to rip rap meaning the also break up the energy of the wave and cut its impact in the collision.Tocross DescriptionTocross, like Beesands also had a larger amount of human sett lements which were found generally close to each other. However, dummy was easily noticeable that the houses were pointing at distinguishable angels and varied in different shapes ad seizes. Also, compared to both Beesands and Hallsands Torcross was further away from the shore, although still near.Torcross HistoryIn 2001, a destructive storm occurred near the village of Torcross and the continuous collision of waves, due to its vulnerability damaged the road along Slapton sands.Torcross Present Sea defencesLike Beesands, the village of Torcross choose to build a sea wall after the destructive storm to help protect against sea waves in the future. This still stands today and give the bounce be seen when visiting the village.Sea Defences DisadvantagesAlthough these man made sea defences provide secure safety device for many years to these human settlements within the villages, they come with a disadvantage of being unbelievably big-ticket(prenominal), which back tooth theref ore weaken the overall economy of the village itself. You can see the scale of how expensive these defences are when calculating the appeal of the rip-rap and sea wall found at Beesands. under is the calculation of the cost of these sea defencesRip-rapRip-rap = 3,000 per metre Length of Rip-rap = 254metresCost of Rip-rap in Beesands 3,000 x 254 = 762000 counterspySeawall = 3500 per metre Length of Seawall = 254metresCost of Seawall in Beesands 3,500 x 254 = 889000GabionsGabions = 100 per metre Length of Gabions = 254metresCost of Gabions in Beesands 100 x 254 = 254000Value of propertyNow we know the full cost of the sea defences found in Beesands we need to find whether these sea defences are rattling worth(predicate) the money provided they protect these homes. To find this we need to calculate the cost of all the properties found in Beesands and compare it the cost of the sea defences. Below is the calculation for the value of these properties found in BeesandsResidential P ropertiesResidential properties = 150,000 per down 25 houses (2 floors each)Cost of residential properties 150,000 x 50 = 750,000 mercenary PropertiesCommercial properties = 170,000 per floor 4 businesses (3x2floors, 1x1floor)Cost of commercial properties = 170,000 x 7 = 1190000 overall cost of sea defences = 1905000VOverall cost of properties = 1940000As you can see the cost of the sea defences in Beesands appears to be worth the safety of the properties which are there, although there is only a 35,000 difference in the determine of the sea defences compared to the value of the properties. This means that although the sea defences arent costing more thus the settlements which are there, the overall economies of Beesands would be affected by the costs of it.The risingAlthough for now Beesands, Hallsands and Torcross are generally protected from minor occurring storms, the face major dilemmas on what they volition need to do to help protect them in the future. This will be det ermined by two major factors. senescent PopulationThe first is the change magnitudely ageing population dispersed throughout Britain. In the years to come more and more people will be retiring and face the possibility of moving nearer to the coast. If this were to feel then the village will need to turn whether they will gain enough money to support the village with more sea defences.world(a) WarmingThe second major factor is global warming. With the frequency of occurring storms continuously increasing will the village be able to protect itself from the increasing occurring storms in the future.PossibilitiesThere are two major possibilities that these three villages could consider to do. The first is to simply stop spending money on sea defences and allow nature to take its course, possibly resulting in many storms and therefore floods to the village. The second is to continue spending money on further sea defences although they cant be sure how successful they will be and for h ow long.My terminusI personally think that the villages should induct in further sea defences even though they will cost the economy of the villages dearly. This is because if they chose not to invest in the defences and admit defeat then these villages will eventually be completely destroyed and lost forever therefore these sea defences are vital in securing the long term protection of these settlements. I also think that even though sea defences seem extremely expensive and someone people may think they are not worth it, if there are no sea defence mechanisms at all to protect these settlements then there will be no expect at all for these settlements to survive from whatever they are exposed to in the future.